diff --git a/_notes/Korean grammar.md b/_notes/Korean grammar.md index 09c9efe..110bdad 100644 --- a/_notes/Korean grammar.md +++ b/_notes/Korean grammar.md @@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ title: Korean grammar
  • Plural marker
  • But still, nevertheless
  • To look like/To seem like
  • +
  • Making Adjectives
  • @@ -523,3 +524,52 @@ A**하고** B는 같아요 - A and B are the same - past tense for action verbs - future tense: verb stem + -(으)ㄹ 것 - future tense for action and descriptive + + +### Making Adjectives {#adjectives} + `+ -(으)ㄴ + 명사 (noun)` + +In English "pretty" is an adjective and can be found in a dictionary. +In Korean "pretty" is "예쁜", but it cannot be found dictionaries. The "descriptive verb" or "the adjective in infinite form" is "예쁘다" and can be found in the dictionary. + +- 싸다 is not "cheap". It means "to be cheap" +- 바쁘다 is not "busy". It mean "to be busy" +- 맛있다 is not "delicious". It mean "to be delicious" + +In Korean adjectives can be conjugated to different tenses, for example + +- 재미있다 (to be fun) +- 재미있어요 (present tense) +- 재미있었어요 (past tense) +- 재미있을 거예요 (future tense) +(vs English It is fun/ It was fun/ It will be fun; `fun` is always the same) + +**Exceptions:** +- 하얗다 -> 하얀 (white; 하얀 가방 - white bag) +- 그렇다 -> 그런 (such; 그런 가방 - that kind of bag) +- 달다 -> 단 (sweet) +- 있다 -> 있는 +- 없다 -> 없는 + +**Common mistake** +예쁜 + 이에요 𐄂 -> 예뻐요 ✓ +비싼 + 이에요 𐄂 -> 비싸요 ✓ +라떼 한 잔 주세요. 따뜻한 - 𐄂 (can't be without noun) +라떼 한 잔 주세요. 따뜻한 라떼. ✓ + +**Action verbs can be also used as adjectives** + +action verb -는 + noun (for verbs ending with ㄹ, drop ㄹ) + +This is **a bag I like** +이 가방은 제가 **좋아하는 가방**이에요. +This bag is **a bag I liked** +이 가방은 제가 **좋아한 가방**이에요. +This bag is **a bag I will like** +이 가방은 제가 **좋아할 가방**이에요. + +Someone who Yeji likes -> 예지씨가 좋아하는 사람 +Someone who likes Yeji -> 예지씨를 좋아하는 사람 + +Is there a Korean food that you eat often? -> 자주 먹는 한국 음식 있어요? +Is there a cafe that you go to often? -> 자주 가는 카페 있어요? \ No newline at end of file